vancomycin resistance S.aureus - (Aug/24/2008 )
Hi, i want to know that S.aureus has developed resistance to vancomycin. I have studied that there is no any genetic change but there must be some changes so that it developed resisitance. What i think is that there might be change in the expression pattern in certain genes that make them resistant.Do anybody can tell me what might be the possible reason and how it sounds about my reason?
-ribonucleic acid-
How did you make sure resistance not tolerance has been developed in your isolates?
one way you can do microarray to compare gene profiles between sensitive and resistant isolates.
-microlight-
QUOTE (ribonucleic acid @ Aug 24 2008, 07:52 PM)
Hi, i want to know that S.aureus has developed resistance to vancomycin. I have studied that there is no any genetic change but there must be some changes so that it developed resisitance. What i think is that there might be change in the expression pattern in certain genes that make them resistant.Do anybody can tell me what might be the possible reason and how it sounds about my reason?
to see the gene expression pattern, you can use microarray, but you need to standardize the data someway.
to see the protein profile you can do 2D PAGE.
However, i've been studying about S. aureus and read some papers and books about the current antibiotic resistance status of it.
There are several reports regarding to vancomycin-intermediate from the late 90s, first in japan i think, didn't really memorize it, and resistant strain in the US back is 2001-2002.
there are several genes could cause vancomycin resistance.from vanA to vanD, i think
W.C. Noble, Z.V.R.G.A.C. (1992) Co-transfer of vancomycin and other resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 to Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiology Letters 93(2), 195-198.
Noble, et al. did a analysis on the vanA gene isolated from enterococcus faecalis(a commensal in human)and isolated VISA staphylococcus aureus.
and suspected that staphylococcus aureus obtain the vanA gene by horizontal transferation
there's also a paper on new england journal of medicine by Chang in 2003 regarding the vanA gene and staphylococcus aureus.
Chang, S., Sievert, D.M., Hageman, J.C., Boulton, M.L., Tenover, F.C., Downes, F.P., Shah, S., Rudrik, J.T., Pupp, G.R., Brown, W.J., Cardo, D. & Fridkin, S.K. (2003) Infection with vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus containing the vanA resistance gene. N Engl J Med 348(14), 1342-7.
the vancomycin resistance information should be in antimicrobial resistance related books published in the last 5 years.
ps.
i did come to my attention when typing this reply, i didn't read about the products of vanA.
just the vanA contributes to vancomycin resistance.
perhaps i haven't read it yet.
i think there are quite some papers about the vancomycin resistance.
-Davince-
QUOTE (Davince @ Sep 15 2008, 11:34 PM)
QUOTE (ribonucleic acid @ Aug 24 2008, 07:52 PM)
Hi, i want to know that S.aureus has developed resistance to vancomycin. I have studied that there is no any genetic change but there must be some changes so that it developed resisitance. What i think is that there might be change in the expression pattern in certain genes that make them resistant.Do anybody can tell me what might be the possible reason and how it sounds about my reason?
to see the gene expression pattern, you can use microarray, but you need to standardize the data someway.
to see the protein profile you can do 2D PAGE.
However, i've been studying about S. aureus and read some papers and books about the current antibiotic resistance status of it.
There are several reports regarding to vancomycin-intermediate from the late 90s, first in japan i think, didn't really memorize it, and resistant strain in the US back is 2001-2002.
there are several genes could cause vancomycin resistance.from vanA to vanD, i think
W.C. Noble, Z.V.R.G.A.C. (1992) Co-transfer of vancomycin and other resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis NCTC 12201 to Staphylococcus aureus. FEMS Microbiology Letters 93(2), 195-198.
Noble, et al. did a analysis on the vanA gene isolated from enterococcus faecalis(a commensal in human)and isolated VISA staphylococcus aureus.
and suspected that staphylococcus aureus obtain the vanA gene by horizontal transferation
there's also a paper on new england journal of medicine by Chang in 2003 regarding the vanA gene and staphylococcus aureus.
Chang, S., Sievert, D.M., Hageman, J.C., Boulton, M.L., Tenover, F.C., Downes, F.P., Shah, S., Rudrik, J.T., Pupp, G.R., Brown, W.J., Cardo, D. & Fridkin, S.K. (2003) Infection with vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus containing the vanA resistance gene. N Engl J Med 348(14), 1342-7.
the vancomycin resistance information should be in antimicrobial resistance related books published in the last 5 years.
ps.
i did come to my attention when typing this reply, i didn't read about the products of vanA.
just the vanA contributes to vancomycin resistance.
perhaps i haven't read it yet.
i think there are quite some papers about the vancomycin resistance.
Could be overexpression of the cell wall that prevent efficient transfer of vancomycin to cell .
-Hanming86-