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Summary: Epigenetics is the study of any stable and heritable changes in gene expression or cellular phenotype that occurs without changes in DNA sequence. DNA methylation and covalent and noncovalent modifications of chromatin are well-known epigenetic mechanisms. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA) mediated gene regulation at the level of DNA and chromatin such as transcriptional gene silencing and activation are also considered epigenetic mechanisms. Methods commonly used for epigenetic study are those that mapping DNA methylation and histone modifications such as bisulfite DNA modification, ChIP assay as well as RNAi.
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